Use Case Testing: Test Design Technique
In this video, we understand use cases, review a sample use case and write test cases for the example use case. A use case is a list of steps to complete a task in the system. These steps define the sequence of interactions between the actor and the system under test. The actor can be a user of the system or it can be another system. The use case lists the main scenarios (and optional exceptional scenarios). A use case may be accompanied by a use case diagram, but not always.
In use case testing, we review the use case e.g. the ATM cash withdrawal use case should only have the steps related to cash withdrawal, not the steps to view balance or deposit cash because the latter steps belong to other use cases. The use case should list all the steps in the normal workflow (scenario). Each step in the use case should be testable. The use case should list each alternate workflow. We design test cases to test the normal workflow and each alternate workflow. We can design the test data using other test design techniques like equivalence partitioning and boundary value analysis. When we run the test cases, we should look out for any missing workflow(s), any missing step(s) in any workflow, boundary value defects etc.
Sample Use Case Name: Cash withdrawal
Actors: Customer, Bank
Description: This use case describes how the Customer uses the ATM system to withdraw cash from his/ her bank account.
Pre-conditions:
1. The ATM system is online.
2. The ATM system has sufficient cash available.
Normal workflow:
1. The Customer will insert their debit card.
2. The System will prompt for the PIN.
3. The Customer will enter the PIN.
4. The System will display the option to "Withdraw Cash".
5. The Customer will select the option to withdraw cash.
6. The System will prompt for an amount.
7. The Customer will enter an amount.
8. The System will submit the amount to the Bank for approval.
9. The Bank will confirm the transaction.
10. The System will dispense the cash amount.
11. The System will return the card.
12. The use case ends with a success.
Alternate workflows
4a. If the PIN is invalid,
1. The System will return the card.
2. The use case ends with a failure.
8a. If the amount is invalid (see additional business rules),
1. The System will display an error message and prompt for another amount.
2. The use case resumes at step 7.
10a. If the Bank declines the transaction,
1. The System will return the card.
2. The use case ends with a failure.
3a,5a,7a If the Customer selects the option to "Cancel",
1. The System will return the card.
2. The use case ends.
Additional business rules: UCW1 - The System will dispense a maximum amount of $100 in a single transaction.
Post-conditions: The Customer will receive their cash amount.
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